Good day, Dr. Biresh Kumar Dakua. I'm Arjun. I've had a look through your background and your professional record. I'm interested in hearing more about your work and how you see yourself fitting in here with our faculty. Ready to start?

Please start by interview.

Good afternoon, I'm Doctor Breeze Kumar Dakwa. I've completed my PhD in Electrical Engineering from BSS University of Technology, Odisha and I have completed my PhD in the year uh 2025 in April 2025. My area of specialization is control system engineering. Mostly I work on fraction order system and its corresponding control.

OK, presently I'm working as an Assistant professor in Silicon is Top Technology Orissa and I'm having around 12 years of teaching as well as research experience. In last semester I have joined as a post-textra Research Fellow at SI University Warangal.

And, uh, it is for one year mostly and I've already completed five to six months over there. So this is what I'm doing after my post this. And it's, it's part time, this is online, part time basis. And regarding my publication, I'm having, I'm having a decision core journals to my credit. And again, I'm having 6.

6 conference papers and two book chapters again. Mostly I deal with fraction order system. Fraction order I'm modeling of fraction order system and it's.

Corresponding controller inner loop. I use the loop checking method of controller tuning for that one.

And at Silicon Technology, where I'm an professor right now, I teach mostly graduate level students starting from basically engineering to control system as well as advanced control system.

Art of the idea. I do, and I do believe that VIT is a top ranked university having an IF ranking of eight.

In India and its accreditation rate as well. So I do believe that it is going to helpful for me in my future endeavors in my future career teaching as well as research activities that I want to carry out for.

Thank you.

Doctor. Yes, Sir.

I’d like to start with your expertise in Power Electronics, Power Systems, or Control Systems. Could you detail your specific contributions or innovations within control systems, particularly in your work on fractional-order systems?

My expertise mostly is in control system and I work on controller different kind of controller design. Specifically I work on Fraxel order system as well as fractional order controller design. For that one. What I found that a fractional order system is a generalization of the integer control, integer order system.

And there are less tool to less amount of research that has been done in that area. That is why I have chosen that topic system as well as fractional data. Again in case of Fraxelata controller, it is having a proof in record that the fraction order controller could outperform the integer counterpart. So mostly we are having infraction error control, we are having PID controller or Astid controller. They put my specific contribution is a fractional order integral relatively.

And what I want to justify that a 40-ID control law is superior to that of a classical PID controller, PID controller as well. So you put ID is actually a generalization of a overall PID controller as well. Now in fotid what you have, we are having a tilt and it's a fraction order tilt integral derivative controller. It is having a proportional integral grain derivative grain to fractional exponent into Lambda as well as MU and a tilt factor. So by virtue of that it.

Able to give you 6° of freedom and it could greatly enhance the transient as well as the steady state response of any kind of system. Again, if you ask what is my contribution in literature, what do I found that mostly people use the optimization based technique or classical control strategies like Ziggler Nicole's method like this or mostly in people are going for optimization based technique to.

Uh, for the parameter tuning of the controller, but in the industry mostly we're using the PID controller or somehow presently people have been completely switched to FOPID controller, but it is in progress in FOPID controller. What they have that must improve won't. If you go for the optimization based technique, optimization technique is just stochastic meta. It is good, there is no problem. It is good, but the problem is. Is Ajith is a stochastic in nature in every run In every?

Uh, iteration, it is going to give you a different kind of result. So for that, if you want to justify your result, what you're supposed to do, you have to go take the help of a suitable statistical study or statistical analysis. That is why people usually do in this optimization technique.

But what I want, I want a corresponding deterministic design procedure or parameter procedure for the TID control law. That is what my research interest is all about. So what I noticed that in case of a fraction order PID controller people have been 5 tunable parameter people are having certain constraints control loop, control loop constraint like the phase margin constraint, the gain transfer frequency and the robustness constraint, the noise, the attenuation.

Distribution process. Those are the five constraint people usually use to tune the Appopid controller. As oppotid is having an additional parameter that is why we need some additional constraint. So in my study but I have used enhanced robust net constraint is being used as a six traditional parameter for the tuning of the.

I put the ID controller and this is the analytical procedure. But I have presented in my paper for the in general, people use integer system as well. People also use to some extent to fax model system as well. That is what my research interest is all about that I want to model a generalized system in terms of it is actually basically a complex order system. Complex order means it is let's say H to the power A plus AA plus J beta.

Now the advantage of a complex ecosystem that it could accommodate both the fractional system as well as the integer system. That is why in my PSD work what I tried to resign, I designed a fractional universal fractional order controller. I have implemented a PID as a universal Fraxel order control and for a universal complex fraction order plan structure so that whether it is a single order system with least a fractional order system or whether it is a complex order system.

A generalized control strategy I have proposed in my in my research work for parameter estimation and tuning.

OK, 40-ID controller for a complex plan structure.

And mostly I've done it is analytical based procedure.

That what I have done in my research work.

And in future I'm trying to switch to the complete as I have already there in the complex order plan structure. I I tried to design A complex order PID controller as well. It is also not means very scantily little creature is present for that one. So I want to also analytical evolution strategy, parameter tuning strategy for the complex of the PID controlling. This is what currently I am working in my post-doctoral research at Sr. University.

So control is if you say control system. Control system is all about regulating a specific parameter and it is not only limited to theoretical concept, it is limited to every day-to-day activity that I want to control. If you say in electrical perspective, it could be automatic voltage regulator where the output voltage of the generator has to be controlled or it could be a speed control of a DC motor problem or it could be. People usually go for empower system load frequency control of the.

Thank you, Dr. Dakua. Your deep exploration into fractional and complex order systems, especially your work on deterministic parameter tuning for FOPID controllers, is impressive and highlights the depth of your research. Now, let us evaluate your ability to teach both theoretical and laboratory-based courses. How do you approach making complex topics like fractional controllers accessible to graduate-level students in a classroom or lab setting?

Singularity or to multi area systems. So it could be the frequency that they want to regulate. It could be a temperature control system, it could be a pressure control system, it could be a voltage control system. So in any parameter that you want to regulate, it's a problem of control system. By default what we are going for, we use a classical control system that is a PID controller mostly or π kind of control. In most of the industries people still use π controller or PID controller like that. But a fraction auto controller or a complex fraction auto controller is a new topic that has to be. That has to be incorporated. It could be any kind of research problem means the control problem. Maybe it's a VR problem, or magnetic levitation system problem or speed control problem. So.

Mostly what we have in my, in the previous automation I was associated what I have there having a control system laboratory. So over there there are different prototype models. So you could design different kind of control or you could implement overdose models. So those kind of hands on training.

Will be useful for the student and it will make control engineering interesting for the student to understand. So I do believe if I have a dedicated control system lab, so those kind of concept like fractional order and design of a fractional order controller, people will design it both theoretically as well as they're going to implement it over the real time system. It would be a position control system. It could be a magnetic levitation system or it could be inverted pendulum system. Mostly there is a control system laboratory where those kind of.

If we have something that VIP like this, so my control engineering perspective could be implemented, could be better suitable to those aspects and that could make people make the student much more interesting to understand and to carry out the additions or the project work over that as well.

It is clear that you have a structured and practical approach to making cutting-edge topics like fractional and complex fractional-order systems relatable through hands-on lab implementations and project-based learning. Let us now discuss your experience with student evaluation and exam responsibilities. Could you detail the methods you employ to fairly and effectively evaluate students' understanding and performance?

Sir, mostly I'm from last 12 years. I'm associated with the teaching profession and I have taken multiple subjects starting from the first year to the final days as well.

In, uh, still, uh, means, uh, in, in our university, what we have basically, uh, we, uh, usually go for the classroom based teaching where somehow means if you want some hats on expertise, if you want to provide that one, usually we do it by MATLAB means MATLAB or simulation. This teaching means we add MATLAB on Simulink to our course structure as well as physical teaching perspective. Let's say I'm teaching control system. So it is quite.

Read it for me to demonstrate the students the control, the application of the control system using the MATLAB and simulation. And regarding the evaluation process I do, I try that I could make the switch and understand the subject by doing hands on training sessions like that or some Matlab simulation or some project based project based simulations or implementation of the corresponding course. But it is not possible in every kind of courses, some in some higher semesters. Yes it is as you are going dealing with.

Technology this possible, but in the lower semester like it's a basic electrical engineering. So is there what we basically focus on you are focused on building on foundation of the student how to student will be encouraged to the subject basically engineering or even network theory like this but those in some extent while if you want to make them more interactive yes those those models can be modeled those systems those concept can be detailed or modeled by using MATLAB simulation or.

Spices can be used so those kind of things that we can again in our structure what we have, we you are having the internal assessment that we decide class test 2 * A per semester. We usually do it. So on that ground, we usually judge our student who student is lagging behind which is performing well. If some knowledge is not doing this one again, we also have a faculty advisor system to some of the student. We also advise them we also guide them. So those kind of.

Hey, usually we do.

Means other than the classroom teaching, there could be some tutorials as well that could be managed by that the student will be much more aware or interested towards a specific kind of topic.

So this is what can be done. And again regarding the regarding the understanding of the student, there could be some.

So mostly currently whereabout I'm associated, we have undergraduate labour student. We do not have postgraduate labour student. That is why we have to adopt certain events keeping in mind that the student has been aware of let's say control system or power electronics or power systems. So we have to choose a topic based upon that one so that it could be fit into the curriculum of a bit exclusion because we do not have M Tag or PSG students over there. So in the final semester we have the.

It’s evident that you take a comprehensive and student-focused approach, integrating tools like MATLAB and Simulink, along with project-based learning and personalized mentoring through faculty advisor systems. This reflects a strong commitment to fostering both foundational understanding and advanced skills. Moving forward, could you discuss your methodology in guiding students through their research projects, ensuring both academic rigor and practical relevance?

Uh, project some the minor projects and the major projects of the student and I mostly try to float my topic in such a way that it could be I could make it, umm, make the corresponding output at least as a book chapter or Ajay with that project may be a software based project or maybe a hardware based project, but that could be reflected in a, let's say at least a conference possibility. This is a regular practice that I do from last 3-4 years and in each and every year the student projects I have also mentioned in my.

TV, uh, each and every year the Australian project I tried to make them, uh, more under. It's understand, try to enhance their understanding regarding their subject, regarding their implementation, how to approach any conference, how to do some work that could be examines, people will appreciate and accept our people in that conference. So at least in last 3-4 years I tried, but each and every year the student projects can be converted to a corresponding conference facility. And in last three years what we have, we are having three conference.

I-000 conferences and one special book chapter that is improved, that is in produce out output. That is the output of a student project mostly.

But again that parameter I have to do those topics I have actually floated as my specialization is mostly in control system so I have floated some control oriented topics and out of that we want to make the best outcome.

Your strategy of aligning undergraduate projects with your expertise in control systems, while ensuring these projects lead to publishable outcomes like conference papers or book chapters, showcases a commendable balance between academic rigor and student development. Let us now discuss your communication and overall teaching approach. How do you ensure your lectures maintain clarity and structure for students at varying competence levels?

OK teacher, it is required that whatever the subject he or she going to touch going to teach, the student must have an understanding for that one. Means I should make my student understanding for that one.

So for that, what usually, I personally believe that uh, somehow in the regular classroom teaching, you could use some uh, interactive methods like the PPTS related to that one or somehow, as I said already, I have mentioned that I could use MATLAB or simulation to actually.

Simulate or make. Make that prototype model and simulate and show them. Show the student the result so that the people will be interested in this real time project. This is the output that will come. This is the technologies that has been going to use.

So it will make the student much more interactive, much more interesting for that one. And again if you.

Go for the object of the. You may say product output based methods or you might say interactive method that.

That will lead to a certain output at the end. So people, it will obviously make the people much more interested in all those kind of things.

Yes, definitely. I do believe by having a PSD, my uh, research ability or you must say to do something, to do something more in some topic. That ability has been enhanced means before 5 to 6 years if it is means somehow if you want to put any kind of project or any kind of conference paper at least or any journal, I used to think twice, am I going to contribute well? Am I going to do well or something like that, but I do believe with a PSD.

Your focus on interactive teaching methods, including simulations and real-time project demonstrations, clearly reflects your dedication to making complex topics engaging and accessible. This is an essential quality for fostering an inclusive learning environment. Moving on, I noticed you hold a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering. Could you detail how this advanced education has shaped your understanding and ability to contribute to research and teaching?

And the subject understanding has been enhanced to some extent to not submitted to a very good extent that is been enhanced. And again, PSD or research is all about your interest in any kind of topic and that I want to that you want to excel in the further that you want to take it to the further level. That is what I do. I love control system. That is why I have taken this as my master topic or as my PhD topic. Then I realize that. In control system, the fraction order control over fractional system is. In your topic, very scant literature has been present.

Particularly, uh, researchers have been working over there. That is why I tried to make my contribution in those areas. And after that I have referred multiple paper. I have, uh, referred multiple, I have, uh, contacted multiple people as well. Uh, I have attended 5 conferences over there. So with this interaction, all these things, I do believe that my subject understanding related to the might be the electrical engineering or made with the control system.

That has been enhanced, so presently I do believe that I have that confidence that I could guide.

Some people too regarding some projects in some, some people regarding some in my domain might not be I, I couldn't say that I can take every diverse survey, but wherever control application can be done, I do believe that my expertise can better fit to those structure. And presently I'm much more confident regarding after that PSD I have I do believe that yes, the Audrey District publication or journal publication or any conference publication or any.

Kind of funded kind of research that can be done in case of control engineering. I am.

Compatible to that one. I do believe that one. That is why from last sixty I am 60 month. I have joined as a postdoc researcher at Sr. University and presently I'm working on the complex shutter systems and complex auto controller, designing the control compressor controller.

And for that they actually required some publications and I'm also working for that one. I've already communicated some. So at the end of next 5 to 6 months, I do believe that I could able to get my post doctor PDF degree as well.

Your explanation demonstrates how your Ph.D. significantly enhanced your confidence, expertise, and ability to guide research, especially in your specialized field of advanced control systems. This depth of understanding is invaluable for both research and pedagogy. Lastly, could you share your experience working on industry projects or consultancy, and how these experiences have influenced your academic contributions?

Uh, surprisingly, I do not have any industry, uh, collaboration, uh, or uh.

I, I do not have any industry collaboration, but I'll try for that one. And, uh, previously whatever in my university, in my, in at BSS city, whatever I have worked. So that is in the lab of my, of my supervisor and.

That is what I and I want, I try to make the best out of it in terms of publication or in terms of some confidence proceedings over there. And presently I do not have any funded research project. And yes, if I will be a part of VIT University, I'll try that some kind of funded research that can be done that can be granted and I will try to work on that one.

Understood, Dr. Dakua. While direct industry collaboration is absent, your academic efforts and focus on advanced research are clear. With your deep subject expertise, engaging teaching methodologies, and commitment to advancing control systems research, you appear well-prepared to pursue impactful industrial or grant-funded opportunities if given the chance. This concludes our verification process. Thank you for your time and detailed responses, Professor. Do you have any final questions or statements before we conclude?

Thank you, Sir.

To start, could you share which specific course or topic you find the most rewarding to teach, and what about it resonates especially with you as an educator?

I have a.

Strong like uh, liking for control system means, but I want that. But I found that anything you want to regulate, you want to control. There is a control logic behind that. That is why I am interested in the control control system. It's a multidisciplinary approach. May it be a speed control made a vehicle cruise control. May it be a temperature control. It is not only confined to electrical engineering, might be a chemical process control. So I am greatly influenced by control system made. We are.

Continuous auto control, continuous sort of control system or fractional auto control system. But I love to work on control engineering, I love to work on advanced control engineering, advanced technique that is there in control engineering. So that is what my future perspective is all about.

Thank you, Professor. It’s clear that your passion for control systems spans disciplines and applications, which is certainly commendable. Could you elaborate on how you approach teaching such an advanced and multidisciplinary subject? Specifically, how do you simplify complex control engineering concepts for students who might be tackling the subject for the first time?

Our scheduled time for the interview is now up. Before we conclude, do you have any questions related to the role or the company?

Oh, no, thank you.

Thank you, Professor, for your time and insights. It was a pleasure speaking with you. Best of luck in your pursuits. Have a great day! Goodbye.

Thank you.