Hello.

Please start by introducing your professional journey in academia

Yeah, this is Doctor Santana de. Currently I am working as a National Post Doctoral Fellow. At IIC Bangalore.

Yeah, this is Doctor Santana de. Currently I am working as a National Post Doctoral Fellow. At IIC Bangalore. And. So can I share my slides? Is there any option?

Alright, so you're at IIC Bangalore as a National Post Doctoral Fellow. Can you share a bit about your main research focus there and how it connects to your broader academic journey?

I appreciate you asking, Dr. Santana de, but this interview is voice-only, so slides aren't supported. You mentioned you're a National Post Doctoral Fellow at IIC Bangalore—could you talk a bit about the main research area you've been focusing on there?

Yeah, so I completed my PhD in 2022 from UGCDE consortium. For scientific research. Indore. And after that from last four years I am working as a postdoctoral fellow at different institute.

Yeah, so I completed my PhD in 2022 from UGCDE consortium. For scientific research. Indore. And after that from last four years I am working as a postdoctoral fellow at different institute. Uh, including. IIT Madras and IIC Bangalore so the in PDF position. A current project. Which is funded by NRF and I am the principal. Of this project.

Yeah, so I completed my PhD in 2022 from UGCDE consortium. For scientific research. Indore. And after that from last four years I am working as a postdoctoral fellow at different institute. Uh, including. IIT Madras and IIC Bangalore so the in PDF position. A current project. Which is funded by NRF and I am the principal. Of this project. And regarding the working area, I would like to mention that I have developed very good expertise in single crystal growth of quantum materials.

Yeah, so I completed my PhD in 2022 from UGCDE consortium. For scientific research. Indore. And after that from last four years I am working as a postdoctoral fellow at different institute. Uh, including. IIT Madras and IIC Bangalore so the in PDF position. A current project. Which is funded by NRF and I am the principal. Of this project. And regarding the working area, I would like to mention that I have developed very good expertise in single crystal growth of quantum materials. And mostly I have explored magnetism and superconductivity. Of quantum materials. Uh, including. Recent mobile materials. Which is particularly known as foodie material. So. These materials also I have extensively explored along with some oxide system. Where people can. People are exploring the frustrated magnetism.

Okay, so you completed your PhD at UGCDE Consortium for Scientific Research in Indore and have spent the past four years as a postdoctoral fellow at different institutes. What drew you to focus on your current research area at IIC Bangalore?

Yeah, so I completed my PhD in 2022 from UGCDE consortium. For scientific research. Indore. And after that from last four years I am working as a postdoctoral fellow at different institute. Uh, including. IIT Madras and IIC Bangalore so the in PDF position. A current project. Which is funded by NRF and I am the principal. Of this project. And regarding the working area, I would like to mention that I have developed very good expertise in single crystal growth of quantum materials. And mostly I have explored magnetism and superconductivity. Of quantum materials. Uh, including. Recent mobile materials. Which is particularly known as foodie material. So. These materials also I have extensively explored along with some oxide system. Where people can. People are exploring the frustrated magnetism. And so that this is one of the interesting topic. As far as current. Research Interests.

Dr. Santana de, you’ve worked at several top institutes and led a project as principal investigator. Shifting gears a bit, can you describe a foundational physics concept that you especially enjoy teaching to undergraduates, and how you make it accessible to them?

So you've built real expertise in single crystal growth of quantum materials and you're leading an NRF-funded project as principal investigator. When you teach undergraduates about quantum materials or condensed matter physics, what's a core idea you focus on to get them interested, and how do you break it down for students who might find it abstract?

Alright, so you've developed expertise in single crystal growth and delved into magnetism, superconductivity, and even frustrated magnetism in oxides and new materials. When you're introducing something like quantum magnetism to students for the first time, what's a specific analogy or visualization you've found makes that abstract idea click for them?

So Dr. Santana de, you've really dug into single crystal growth, quantum materials, and the complexities of frustrated magnetism. When you introduce topics like frustrated magnetism or unconventional superconductivity to students, what strategy do you use to make those concepts approachable for someone encountering them for the first time?

Yeah, this frustrated magnetism, it's a new. Peaked and. I compared to conventional. Magnetic water rings like ferromagnetic and antipromagnetic or. Uh, spin glass type of orderings. This is a definitely new kind of magnetism where geometrical. A station of the lattice as well as the. Magnetic introduction. These two. Oh, energies play an important role in order to. Stabilize. Some unconventional. Magnetic ordering, which is not uh. Available in Facebook.

Yeah, this frustrated magnetism, it's a new. Peaked and. I compared to conventional. Magnetic water rings like ferromagnetic and antipromagnetic or. Uh, spin glass type of orderings. This is a definitely new kind of magnetism where geometrical. A station of the lattice as well as the. Magnetic introduction. These two. Oh, energies play an important role in order to. Stabilize. Some unconventional. Magnetic ordering, which is not uh. Available in Facebook. And. So once you know. Enough, uh. Upstated magnetism. And that means us some sort of. Short scale correlations. Magnetic core relations are there in these kind of newly magnetic order state. And this seminology means presence of short scale magnetic. Correlation that one can correlate with the unconventional superconducting state. Because if you see the. Conventional superconductor. Straight there is a antipromagnetic type. So-called whatever research. People have. Done so from. Those are deals that. It is clear that some sort of antiferromagnetic correlation is there. So this. Predictions. Short scale core relation. One can correlate with unconventional frustrated magnetism. Means why? Uncontentional superconductivity is there in a system. So that can be understand. In the. Milsa in the context of. This frustrated magnetism. So this topic is very important in order to. Understand. And the unconventional superconductivity in a different kind of system. Including recent 2D materials means these materials are really popular, and most of the groups are. Particularly exploring. The unconventional. Uh, properties means including magnetic. Transport and many other topological aspects also people are exploring.

Right, so you contrasted frustrated magnetism with the more familiar types by pointing out how lattice geometry and magnetic interactions combine to produce unexpected order. When you're guiding students through those differences, do you use physical demonstrations, analogies, or more mathematical approaches to help them really grasp what's happening?

Alright, so you’re drawing connections between short-range magnetic correlations and unconventional superconductivity, especially in these new two-dimensional materials. How do you adapt your approach when you’re teaching these complex, research-driven topics to undergraduates who might not have much prior exposure to solid-state physics?

Yeah, this is a very good question. Means how? Means how do you? Introduce these complex topics to the. Graduate or postgraduate level students. So basically, so in the beginning we should. Discussed about the basic understandings of a magnetism and superconductivity. Basic under understanding includes. Means the origin of magnetism means. Why this kind of magnetic behavior? Food in. All materials. Or what are the intrinsic degrees of freedom? Which are responsible for. Or this kind of? Magnetic behavior. So these things one means we should clear these things first and step by step we will. Move to the frustrated magnetism as well as. Unconvincing superconductivity.

Yeah, this is a very good question. Means how? Means how do you? Introduce these complex topics to the. Graduate or postgraduate level students. So basically, so in the beginning we should. Discussed about the basic understandings of a magnetism and superconductivity. Basic under understanding includes. Means the origin of magnetism means. Why this kind of magnetic behavior? Food in. All materials. Or what are the intrinsic degrees of freedom? Which are responsible for. Or this kind of? Magnetic behavior. So these things one means we should clear these things first and step by step we will. Move to the frustrated magnetism as well as. Unconvincing superconductivity. So so my. Point is that. First of all, I. Clear the basics, basic understanding behind the magnetism and superconductivity and then slowly, slowly I will move to the. Advance understanding. And effort. This perform basic to advanced level understanding. Every time I would. Like to give example. Real object vessels means experimentally. We can convince them so these are the things. One can understand the textbook label idea, textbook label knowledge in real materials. So. That so those. Students, they can easily understand. They can easily visualize. The reality versus. The abstract. So this. This is a very challenging task.

Yeah, this is a very good question. Means how? Means how do you? Introduce these complex topics to the. Graduate or postgraduate level students. So basically, so in the beginning we should. Discussed about the basic understandings of a magnetism and superconductivity. Basic under understanding includes. Means the origin of magnetism means. Why this kind of magnetic behavior? Food in. All materials. Or what are the intrinsic degrees of freedom? Which are responsible for. Or this kind of? Magnetic behavior. So these things one means we should clear these things first and step by step we will. Move to the frustrated magnetism as well as. Unconvincing superconductivity. So so my. Point is that. First of all, I. Clear the basics, basic understanding behind the magnetism and superconductivity and then slowly, slowly I will move to the. Advance understanding. And effort. This perform basic to advanced level understanding. Every time I would. Like to give example. Real object vessels means experimentally. We can convince them so these are the things. One can understand the textbook label idea, textbook label knowledge in real materials. So. That so those. Students, they can easily understand. They can easily visualize. The reality versus. The abstract. So this. This is a very challenging task. And I would like to. Or teach them in this way so that they can easily visualize easily correlate the difference between. Reality and abstract world. So they. This would come out from the textbook level. Understanding and they should understand how can we visualize the things. Suppose for an example I can give you 1.

Yeah, this is a very good question. Means how? Means how do you? Introduce these complex topics to the. Graduate or postgraduate level students. So basically, so in the beginning we should. Discussed about the basic understandings of a magnetism and superconductivity. Basic under understanding includes. Means the origin of magnetism means. Why this kind of magnetic behavior? Food in. All materials. Or what are the intrinsic degrees of freedom? Which are responsible for. Or this kind of? Magnetic behavior. So these things one means we should clear these things first and step by step we will. Move to the frustrated magnetism as well as. Unconvincing superconductivity. So so my. Point is that. First of all, I. Clear the basics, basic understanding behind the magnetism and superconductivity and then slowly, slowly I will move to the. Advance understanding. And effort. This perform basic to advanced level understanding. Every time I would. Like to give example. Real object vessels means experimentally. We can convince them so these are the things. One can understand the textbook label idea, textbook label knowledge in real materials. So. That so those. Students, they can easily understand. They can easily visualize. The reality versus. The abstract. So this. This is a very challenging task. And I would like to. Or teach them in this way so that they can easily visualize easily correlate the difference between. Reality and abstract world. So they. This would come out from the textbook level. Understanding and they should understand how can we visualize the things. Suppose for an example I can give you 1. A real example regarding this. Suppose let us consider. Izing magnetic system. Where? Quantized in nature. Spin axis at Quantized in nature. Only.

Yeah, this is a very good question. Means how? Means how do you? Introduce these complex topics to the. Graduate or postgraduate level students. So basically, so in the beginning we should. Discussed about the basic understandings of a magnetism and superconductivity. Basic under understanding includes. Means the origin of magnetism means. Why this kind of magnetic behavior? Food in. All materials. Or what are the intrinsic degrees of freedom? Which are responsible for. Or this kind of? Magnetic behavior. So these things one means we should clear these things first and step by step we will. Move to the frustrated magnetism as well as. Unconvincing superconductivity. So so my. Point is that. First of all, I. Clear the basics, basic understanding behind the magnetism and superconductivity and then slowly, slowly I will move to the. Advance understanding. And effort. This perform basic to advanced level understanding. Every time I would. Like to give example. Real object vessels means experimentally. We can convince them so these are the things. One can understand the textbook label idea, textbook label knowledge in real materials. So. That so those. Students, they can easily understand. They can easily visualize. The reality versus. The abstract. So this. This is a very challenging task. And I would like to. Or teach them in this way so that they can easily visualize easily correlate the difference between. Reality and abstract world. So they. This would come out from the textbook level. Understanding and they should understand how can we visualize the things. Suppose for an example I can give you 1. A real example regarding this. Suppose let us consider. Izing magnetic system. Where? Quantized in nature. Spin axis at Quantized in nature. Only. Minus J directions are considered. For the spin alignment. So. This one can easily visualize in real material.

Yeah, this is a very good question. Means how? Means how do you? Introduce these complex topics to the. Graduate or postgraduate level students. So basically, so in the beginning we should. Discussed about the basic understandings of a magnetism and superconductivity. Basic under understanding includes. Means the origin of magnetism means. Why this kind of magnetic behavior? Food in. All materials. Or what are the intrinsic degrees of freedom? Which are responsible for. Or this kind of? Magnetic behavior. So these things one means we should clear these things first and step by step we will. Move to the frustrated magnetism as well as. Unconvincing superconductivity. So so my. Point is that. First of all, I. Clear the basics, basic understanding behind the magnetism and superconductivity and then slowly, slowly I will move to the. Advance understanding. And effort. This perform basic to advanced level understanding. Every time I would. Like to give example. Real object vessels means experimentally. We can convince them so these are the things. One can understand the textbook label idea, textbook label knowledge in real materials. So. That so those. Students, they can easily understand. They can easily visualize. The reality versus. The abstract. So this. This is a very challenging task. And I would like to. Or teach them in this way so that they can easily visualize easily correlate the difference between. Reality and abstract world. So they. This would come out from the textbook level. Understanding and they should understand how can we visualize the things. Suppose for an example I can give you 1. A real example regarding this. Suppose let us consider. Izing magnetic system. Where? Quantized in nature. Spin axis at Quantized in nature. Only. Minus J directions are considered. For the spin alignment. So. This one can easily visualize in real material. Like there are many cobalted systems. Where spins are. Around the. Means apart from. Many quantization. X is only Z axis. Uh, actual easy access. For many cobalted system. So that. This identification of easy access in a magnetic material. So this is basically. The example of often. I think the same. So this kind of example I would like to. Introduced to visualize the connection. Between the abstract theoretical understanding and the real experimental.

Alright, so you start with foundational magnetic concepts and build toward things like frustrated magnetism and unconventional superconductivity in a stepwise fashion. How do you gauge whether your students are actually following along with these advanced ideas before you move on to more complex material?

Okay, so you emphasize concrete experimental examples to help students bridge textbook knowledge with real phenomena—they see the abstract grounded in real materials. When you notice a group is struggling to connect those basics to the advanced topics, what’s one technique you use to help them make that leap?

Okay, so you focus on bridging textbook concepts and experimental reality, using real material examples to help students visualize. When you pick those examples—say, a particular material or a specific experiment—how do you decide which ones will resonate best with your students?

Alright, so you use real experimental systems—like the Ising model—to help students move from abstract theory to concrete understanding. When you're picking those examples, how do you decide which material or system will resonate best with your class?

Alright, Dr. Santana de, your recent publication in Physical Review B on the competition of Zeeman energy, inter-chain couplings, and anisotropy energy in Ca3Co2O6 really caught my eye. How has your work on this triangular-lattice ferrimagnet influenced the way you present concepts like magnetic frustration and dimensionality crossover to your students?

Okay, so you focus on bridging textbook concepts and experimental reality, using real material examples to help students visualize—they see the abstract grounded in real materials. When you notice a group is struggling to grasp, say, the difference between short-range correlations in frustrated magnets and long-range order in conventional magnets, how do you intervene or adjust your teaching in the moment?

For the sake of simply simplicity. I can take a conventional ferromagnetic system. Well, uh. The spins interruptions. Spins introduction link skill if you talk about. Then. It is more than few 100 Micron. And uh. Now in case of short scale correlation. Only uh. Two lattice constant one should consider. In order to visualize a short scale correlation. Like suppose if you consider it. Triangle. So in a triangle. The atoms are real.

For the sake of simply simplicity. I can take a conventional ferromagnetic system. Well, uh. The spins interruptions. Spins introduction link skill if you talk about. Then. It is more than few 100 Micron. And uh. Now in case of short scale correlation. Only uh. Two lattice constant one should consider. In order to visualize a short scale correlation. Like suppose if you consider it. Triangle. So in a triangle. The atoms are real. And these atoms are separated by a. Lattice constant. So now. Let's let us consider antiferromagnetic 4. Repressions of antifromagnetic correlation in this triangular lattice system. And. Antiferromagnetic interaction between. Every spin one can. Easily established, but the third spin. Will get frustrated. Because of the. Incompatibility of antiferromagnetic interaction in the underlying. Triangular lattice. So basically out of three spin, only two spin are. Anti parallelly correlated but other one is. Frustrated, right? It would align either up or down direction. So this is called the. Prosthesis and geometrical prosthesis and. This link scale between. And two spin is separated by. 1. The lattice constant means it is just separated by. A lattice constant. So this is the idea, but in case of. Long range order. Magnetic system. So the throughout the crystal. Suppose you have a millimeter. Single crystal. But in that millimeter single crystal. Will have a magnetic correlation length which is of the order of Q100. Armstrong so. So this link scale these numbers actually. This would understand, so I will teach in this poem.

So you use the contrast between long-range order in ferromagnets and short-range correlations in frustrated systems, like a triangle lattice, to help students visualize the difference. For that triangle example, how do you make sure students don’t just memorize the result, but actually understand why frustration arises from the geometry and interactions?

So for the triangular lattice, you use the specific numbers—like the correlation length being just a lattice constant versus hundreds of angstroms in conventional magnets—to help them visualize the difference. When you’ve taught this as part of a seminar or course, what’s one method or classroom activity you’ve found effective for helping students internalize these spatial concepts, beyond just lectures or diagrams?

See, there are many. Theories, uh, describing, uh, this kind of, uh. Uh, spatial. Dependency so one of the. Umm, well known theory is the scaling analysis.

See, there are many. Theories, uh, describing, uh, this kind of, uh. Uh, spatial. Dependency so one of the. Umm, well known theory is the scaling analysis. So scaling analysis can. Tell us what is the special core relation length? In a magnetic system. So that is the indirect way to. Introduce the concept of. Special correlation link. But at at the same time. We can measure. Linked skill experimentally. So that is one of the effective way to. Understand. Skills.

Okay, so you bring in scaling analysis to help students get a spatial sense for these phenomena. Let me shift gears—your thesis focused on single crystal growth of quantum materials, especially in the context of magnetism and superconductivity. Can you describe a time when you had to explain your thesis work to a non-specialist audience, like undergraduates or even family, and what approach you used to make the core ideas accessible?

Alright, so you integrate scaling analysis and experimental measurements to help students internalize spatial correlation lengths—moving beyond just theory. Switching gears a bit, Dr. Santana de, your thesis focused on single crystal growth of quantum materials, especially in the context of magnetism and superconductivity. Can you share a moment when you had to explain the importance or complexity of that crystal growth work to students or colleagues who weren’t specialists in the field?

So growing a high quality single crystal, it's a really challenging. And. Nowadays, uh, since uh. The whole world is uh. Running behind the quantum computation. So quantum materials are the really important. Uh, materials. Which would definitely. Help to establish the. Quantum technology. In the next few. Hopefully. And so. High quality single crystals of this material. Is really challenging, so during my PSD I have grown the single pistols of. Side system, so that is. Uh, the name particular name of this compound is the. CA-3 Co 206, which is. Was he one-dimensional screen chain system? So basically what? Electricity I. Paste during the growth of the single crystal. So food. Uh, no. See, the growing single system is nothing but. I mix sugar with water. So. So if you add more sugar. In water means at a particular temperature if you add more sugar, which is. Beyond the. Super saturation limit. Of that solution. Then you will see the crystallization of sugar. Which is coming. At the bottom level. Of the container. So. This idea basically one. Utilized in the growth of. Any kind of materials?

So growing a high quality single crystal, it's a really challenging. And. Nowadays, uh, since uh. The whole world is uh. Running behind the quantum computation. So quantum materials are the really important. Uh, materials. Which would definitely. Help to establish the. Quantum technology. In the next few. Hopefully. And so. High quality single crystals of this material. Is really challenging, so during my PSD I have grown the single pistols of. Side system, so that is. Uh, the name particular name of this compound is the. CA-3 Co 206, which is. Was he one-dimensional screen chain system? So basically what? Electricity I. Paste during the growth of the single crystal. So food. Uh, no. See, the growing single system is nothing but. I mix sugar with water. So. So if you add more sugar. In water means at a particular temperature if you add more sugar, which is. Beyond the. Super saturation limit. Of that solution. Then you will see the crystallization of sugar. Which is coming. At the bottom level. Of the container. So. This idea basically one. Utilized in the growth of. Any kind of materials? So so basically if you have. Common sense and you if you know how. Util. Common sense in real life. Example then. The light becomes more easier. So then what I. Did so initially. I took. The my polycrystalline form of. This compound. And then? Choose a suitable flux. So the melting point of the flux was lower than than. Lower than that of this. Um, actual material. For single crystal growth. So why so? Because. So once. Heat the material the. The flux will melt 1st and it will dissolve the polycrystalline material. So what is important here? The quantity of flux is. Very important because it will get melted first and. Your polycrystalline material will get dissolved into that. Uh, flux and. And if you take more amount of flags. Uh, more amount in the sense. Compared to the volume of the container if it is more. Then the means while melting the flux it will come out from the container and it may damage the furnace. So this is one of the PD. Important equations one should take care. And at the same time. The cooling rate. Should be very slow.

Dr. Santana de, given your experience with quantum materials and single crystal growth, where do you see the most fundable or high-impact research directions over the next few years? What kinds of grants or external funding sources would you target to support that work?

So growing a high quality single crystal, it's a really challenging. And. Nowadays, uh, since uh. The whole world is uh. Running behind the quantum computation. So quantum materials are the really important. Uh, materials. Which would definitely. Help to establish the. Quantum technology. In the next few. Hopefully. And so. High quality single crystals of this material. Is really challenging, so during my PSD I have grown the single pistols of. Side system, so that is. Uh, the name particular name of this compound is the. CA-3 Co 206, which is. Was he one-dimensional screen chain system? So basically what? Electricity I. Paste during the growth of the single crystal. So food. Uh, no. See, the growing single system is nothing but. I mix sugar with water. So. So if you add more sugar. In water means at a particular temperature if you add more sugar, which is. Beyond the. Super saturation limit. Of that solution. Then you will see the crystallization of sugar. Which is coming. At the bottom level. Of the container. So. This idea basically one. Utilized in the growth of. Any kind of materials? So so basically if you have. Common sense and you if you know how. Util. Common sense in real life. Example then. The light becomes more easier. So then what I. Did so initially. I took. The my polycrystalline form of. This compound. And then? Choose a suitable flux. So the melting point of the flux was lower than than. Lower than that of this. Um, actual material. For single crystal growth. So why so? Because. So once. Heat the material the. The flux will melt 1st and it will dissolve the polycrystalline material. So what is important here? The quantity of flux is. Very important because it will get melted first and. Your polycrystalline material will get dissolved into that. Uh, flux and. And if you take more amount of flags. Uh, more amount in the sense. Compared to the volume of the container if it is more. Then the means while melting the flux it will come out from the container and it may damage the furnace. So this is one of the PD. Important equations one should take care. And at the same time. The cooling rate. Should be very slow. While growing single crystal. Because, uh. So this is the growth process basically? Is based on. A nucleosome. Methods Nucleation and growth process which is the. Uh, past product, which is the. Manifest is an object fast order phase transition. And liquid to. Solid SO. Because succeeding, all crystals are in solid-state. And it was dissolved in. A liquid. Material liquid flux. So now if you slow. Cooled it down to the. Room temperature. Then it will get solidified the liquid. Plugs it will get solidified. And the. The polycrystalline grains it will. Come together and they will. Test up and grow a large crystal. Heavy uniform. Density throughout the. Crystal dimension. And recently so apart from this. Of course, technique. Recently I have used another new technique. Which is. The chemical vapor transport. So where? What tube or quartz ample I have? Use Hello. With the Hepat transmitting medium. So. In this. This also one should be very very careful because. The material. Which actually put vaporized inside the tube. So the vapour pressure. Would be compatible with the volume of the tube. So this is the main criteria otherwise. Anytime disaster may happen. So. These are the. Important point SO. Otherwise. It may damage instrument. It may damage the environment also.

So growing a high quality single crystal, it's a really challenging. And. Nowadays, uh, since uh. The whole world is uh. Running behind the quantum computation. So quantum materials are the really important. Uh, materials. Which would definitely. Help to establish the. Quantum technology. In the next few. Hopefully. And so. High quality single crystals of this material. Is really challenging, so during my PSD I have grown the single pistols of. Side system, so that is. Uh, the name particular name of this compound is the. CA-3 Co 206, which is. Was he one-dimensional screen chain system? So basically what? Electricity I. Paste during the growth of the single crystal. So food. Uh, no. See, the growing single system is nothing but. I mix sugar with water. So. So if you add more sugar. In water means at a particular temperature if you add more sugar, which is. Beyond the. Super saturation limit. Of that solution. Then you will see the crystallization of sugar. Which is coming. At the bottom level. Of the container. So. This idea basically one. Utilized in the growth of. Any kind of materials? So so basically if you have. Common sense and you if you know how. Util. Common sense in real life. Example then. The light becomes more easier. So then what I. Did so initially. I took. The my polycrystalline form of. This compound. And then? Choose a suitable flux. So the melting point of the flux was lower than than. Lower than that of this. Um, actual material. For single crystal growth. So why so? Because. So once. Heat the material the. The flux will melt 1st and it will dissolve the polycrystalline material. So what is important here? The quantity of flux is. Very important because it will get melted first and. Your polycrystalline material will get dissolved into that. Uh, flux and. And if you take more amount of flags. Uh, more amount in the sense. Compared to the volume of the container if it is more. Then the means while melting the flux it will come out from the container and it may damage the furnace. So this is one of the PD. Important equations one should take care. And at the same time. The cooling rate. Should be very slow. While growing single crystal. Because, uh. So this is the growth process basically? Is based on. A nucleosome. Methods Nucleation and growth process which is the. Uh, past product, which is the. Manifest is an object fast order phase transition. And liquid to. Solid SO. Because succeeding, all crystals are in solid-state. And it was dissolved in. A liquid. Material liquid flux. So now if you slow. Cooled it down to the. Room temperature. Then it will get solidified the liquid. Plugs it will get solidified. And the. The polycrystalline grains it will. Come together and they will. Test up and grow a large crystal. Heavy uniform. Density throughout the. Crystal dimension. And recently so apart from this. Of course, technique. Recently I have used another new technique. Which is. The chemical vapor transport. So where? What tube or quartz ample I have? Use Hello. With the Hepat transmitting medium. So. In this. This also one should be very very careful because. The material. Which actually put vaporized inside the tube. So the vapour pressure. Would be compatible with the volume of the tube. So this is the main criteria otherwise. Anytime disaster may happen. So. These are the. Important point SO. Otherwise. It may damage instrument. It may damage the environment also. So this. These are the important things I just told. Like to highlight why? Discover while uh. I will teach. My students. Hello. Do you have any questions? Hello.

So you actually compared single crystal growth to sugar crystallization, making it relatable, and pointed out the importance of flux choice and cooling rates—plus the practical risks, like damaging the furnace if you overdo the flux. Now, thinking about your future work, given your expertise with quantum materials, where do you see the most promising or fundable research directions over the next few years, and what kinds of grants would you pursue to support that work?

So growing a high quality single crystal, it's a really challenging. And. Nowadays, uh, since uh. The whole world is uh. Running behind the quantum computation. So quantum materials are the really important. Uh, materials. Which would definitely. Help to establish the. Quantum technology. In the next few. Hopefully. And so. High quality single crystals of this material. Is really challenging, so during my PSD I have grown the single pistols of. Side system, so that is. Uh, the name particular name of this compound is the. CA-3 Co 206, which is. Was he one-dimensional screen chain system? So basically what? Electricity I. Paste during the growth of the single crystal. So food. Uh, no. See, the growing single system is nothing but. I mix sugar with water. So. So if you add more sugar. In water means at a particular temperature if you add more sugar, which is. Beyond the. Super saturation limit. Of that solution. Then you will see the crystallization of sugar. Which is coming. At the bottom level. Of the container. So. This idea basically one. Utilized in the growth of. Any kind of materials? So so basically if you have. Common sense and you if you know how. Util. Common sense in real life. Example then. The light becomes more easier. So then what I. Did so initially. I took. The my polycrystalline form of. This compound. And then? Choose a suitable flux. So the melting point of the flux was lower than than. Lower than that of this. Um, actual material. For single crystal growth. So why so? Because. So once. Heat the material the. The flux will melt 1st and it will dissolve the polycrystalline material. So what is important here? The quantity of flux is. Very important because it will get melted first and. Your polycrystalline material will get dissolved into that. Uh, flux and. And if you take more amount of flags. Uh, more amount in the sense. Compared to the volume of the container if it is more. Then the means while melting the flux it will come out from the container and it may damage the furnace. So this is one of the PD. Important equations one should take care. And at the same time. The cooling rate. Should be very slow. While growing single crystal. Because, uh. So this is the growth process basically? Is based on. A nucleosome. Methods Nucleation and growth process which is the. Uh, past product, which is the. Manifest is an object fast order phase transition. And liquid to. Solid SO. Because succeeding, all crystals are in solid-state. And it was dissolved in. A liquid. Material liquid flux. So now if you slow. Cooled it down to the. Room temperature. Then it will get solidified the liquid. Plugs it will get solidified. And the. The polycrystalline grains it will. Come together and they will. Test up and grow a large crystal. Heavy uniform. Density throughout the. Crystal dimension. And recently so apart from this. Of course, technique. Recently I have used another new technique. Which is. The chemical vapor transport. So where? What tube or quartz ample I have? Use Hello. With the Hepat transmitting medium. So. In this. This also one should be very very careful because. The material. Which actually put vaporized inside the tube. So the vapour pressure. Would be compatible with the volume of the tube. So this is the main criteria otherwise. Anytime disaster may happen. So. These are the. Important point SO. Otherwise. It may damage instrument. It may damage the environment also. So this. These are the important things I just told. Like to highlight why? Discover while uh. I will teach. My students. Hello. Do you have any questions? Hello. Can you hear me?

Right, you really highlighted the practical risks—like too much flux damaging the furnace or mishandling vapor pressure in chemical vapor transport. Given your work with these materials and the push toward quantum computation, which specific research directions within quantum materials do you think are most likely to attract sustained funding over the next few years, and what types of grants would you pursue to support that work?

You really emphasized how even with strong theory, the practical aspects of single crystal growth—like managing flux volumes or vapor pressure—can have real consequences for lab safety and successful outcomes. Given your expertise in semiconductor device physics, can you give an example of how you've guided undergraduate or postgraduate students in a lab setting to achieve innovative results in this area?

Right, you highlighted how real-world risks and material choices in crystal growth translate into lessons for your students—not just theory, but practical safety and process. Thinking institutionally for a moment: given your expertise in quantum materials and device physics, what kinds of research directions do you see as most fundable or impactful over the next few years, especially for building a sustainable research group? Which grants or sponsors would you target first?

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications.

So you see AI-driven research as a strong funding magnet. Can you give me a concrete example of how you’d connect AI methods with your quantum materials work to build a compelling grant proposal for a national or international sponsor?

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India?

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate.

So you see AI-focused research as the next big funding draw, but you’re saying the underlying materials have to be thoroughly characterized first or the applications won’t be viable. What’s a concrete example of how you’d connect AI techniques with your quantum materials work to make a grant proposal stand out to a national or international funding body?

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only.

You pointed out that AI-oriented research is attracting more funding, but made it clear that having well-characterized quantum materials is foundational for real-world applications. Shifting to publishing—how do you approach the publishing process for your research, and what's your strategy for ensuring your work gets noticed as high-impact, especially if you're aiming to boost an institution's global academic reputation?

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only. That people can easily have single crystal at lower prices.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only. That people can easily have single crystal at lower prices. So when we import products like. Single crystal. From outside. Then it will be. Very expensive because many other duties are there. Along with the actual cost met. Cost of the materials.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only. That people can easily have single crystal at lower prices. So when we import products like. Single crystal. From outside. Then it will be. Very expensive because many other duties are there. Along with the actual cost met. Cost of the materials. So that's why most of the people are working in. Polycrystalline.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only. That people can easily have single crystal at lower prices. So when we import products like. Single crystal. From outside. Then it will be. Very expensive because many other duties are there. Along with the actual cost met. Cost of the materials. So that's why most of the people are working in. Polycrystalline. So now. If I have this. Crystal cry. Then we can implement those material. A direct device level application. So this device label application. Is the ultimate outcome. Of physics space experimental physics based. Because. This without hardware, software can't do anything.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only. That people can easily have single crystal at lower prices. So when we import products like. Single crystal. From outside. Then it will be. Very expensive because many other duties are there. Along with the actual cost met. Cost of the materials. So that's why most of the people are working in. Polycrystalline. So now. If I have this. Crystal cry. Then we can implement those material. A direct device level application. So this device label application. Is the ultimate outcome. Of physics space experimental physics based. Because. This without hardware, software can't do anything. And. These devices are the. Real world hardwares.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only. That people can easily have single crystal at lower prices. So when we import products like. Single crystal. From outside. Then it will be. Very expensive because many other duties are there. Along with the actual cost met. Cost of the materials. So that's why most of the people are working in. Polycrystalline. So now. If I have this. Crystal cry. Then we can implement those material. A direct device level application. So this device label application. Is the ultimate outcome. Of physics space experimental physics based. Because. This without hardware, software can't do anything. And. These devices are the. Real world hardwares. And materials are the initial ingredients in order to develop a quantum device. So in next few years as I told this AI quantum computing. Are going to be the. Only topic. Topic of research. And look where this quantum material, quantum devices, these are the. Focused research area.

In next few years, definitely AI oriented research. Will be more attractive. And for this year? Oriented work. One should have the proper material. So materials and its properties could be. Will known otherwise. One cannot implement those materials in real-world applications. So. Single crystal. Is playing a important role? Uh, for this kind of. Advanced technologies. And and uh. And in India? We grow, grow. Crystal Commercial commercially. Because. Every time we need to import crystal from outside. And we are. In what we are dependent on others. So. But we. I would like to develop our own single crystal. The growth techniques. And. We commercialize. Means we can. Sell our product. Who in our country, nationally and internationally also we can share? When we can sell our products. So this is one kind of. Start plan. So this will be definitely helpful. Full for future generation also. And reading this I already. I had discussions with few companies. They are also really Interstate. To start this kind of innovative project. So let us see, maybe in next few years we will have our own. A single crystal. Both are. Techniques means. Laboratory based. Single crystal growth techniques are available. But. Uh, they are growing crystals for their research purpose only. That people can easily have single crystal at lower prices. So when we import products like. Single crystal. From outside. Then it will be. Very expensive because many other duties are there. Along with the actual cost met. Cost of the materials. So that's why most of the people are working in. Polycrystalline. So now. If I have this. Crystal cry. Then we can implement those material. A direct device level application. So this device label application. Is the ultimate outcome. Of physics space experimental physics based. Because. This without hardware, software can't do anything. And. These devices are the. Real world hardwares. And materials are the initial ingredients in order to develop a quantum device. So in next few years as I told this AI quantum computing. Are going to be the. Only topic. Topic of research. And look where this quantum material, quantum devices, these are the. Focused research area. And single crystal will be definitely. Will play an important role. This thank you. Anything else you want to know?

So you’re thinking about both commercialization and national self-reliance for advanced crystal growth, not just as a research topic but as a sustainable business and research pipeline. Let’s shift to publishing for a moment—how do you approach the publishing process for your research, and what’s your strategy for ensuring your work lands in high-impact journals that boost the institution’s global reputation?

You mentioned you’ve already had discussions with companies interested in commercializing single crystal growth techniques. When it comes to publishing your research, what’s your strategy for ensuring your work reaches high-impact journals and contributes to the university’s international reputation?

You talked about building national capacity in single crystal growth and even having conversations with companies about commercialization, which is a big vision. Now, thinking about emerging technologies, how would you integrate concepts of quantum computation into an undergraduate curriculum, especially given VIT University's emphasis on linking physics fundamentals with industry trends?

Alright, Dr. Santana de, let's shift focus to teaching. You've spent a lot of time guiding students through real-world research problems. Suppose you're leading a laboratory session on semiconductor device physics for undergraduates at VIT University, and you can't rely on traditional lectures or slides. How would you structure that session to get students actively engaged and thinking like researchers themselves?

So you’re targeting commercialization and national self-reliance in single crystal growth, not just academic research—that’s a big vision. Let’s turn to teaching for a moment. Suppose you’re leading a laboratory session on semiconductor device physics and want your students to achieve something genuinely innovative, not just follow a recipe. How would you structure that session to encourage real experimentation and creative thinking?

You pointed out that AI-oriented research is attracting more funding, but made it clear that having well-characterized quantum materials is foundational for real-world applications. Shifting to publishing for a moment—what's your strategy for ensuring your research consistently lands in high-impact journals, especially with an eye on contributing to a university's global reputation?

So you’re thinking about both commercialization and national self-reliance for advanced crystal growth, not just as a research topic but as a sustainable business and research pipeline. Let’s shift to teaching for a moment—suppose you’re leading a laboratory session on semiconductor device physics at VIT. How would you guide students to go beyond following the standard lab manual and actually achieve something innovative or unexpected in their experiments?

You described how building national capacity for single crystal growth could lower costs and drive device-level applications, which is a very pragmatic vision. Let’s pivot to teaching for a moment—suppose you’re running a semiconductor device physics lab with undergraduates who haven’t done hands-on research before. How would you structure that lab experience to get students actively involved in innovative experiments, instead of just following instructions?

You talked about building national capacity in single crystal growth and even having conversations with companies about commercialization, which is a big vision. Now, thinking about emerging technologies—how would you integrate concepts of quantum computation into an undergraduate curriculum, especially in a way that aligns with VIT University's focus on cutting-edge technology?

You made some strong points about how device-level

Can you hear me?

Can you hear me? Yeah.

Yes, I can hear you clearly. Since you have significant experience guiding students in labs, can you share a specific example where you helped students achieve something innovative in semiconductor device physics research?

Alright.

Anything else you want to know?

You made it clear how hardware, materials, and real-world device applications are all tightly connected, and that building in-house capacity for crystal growth could really drive both research and industry forward. Before we wrap up this section, Professor, how would you approach integrating concepts of quantum computation into an undergraduate curriculum, especially given VIT University's emphasis on emerging technologies?

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis.

You started to say “importance of…” but didn’t finish your thought. Can you walk me through how you’d actually bring quantum computation concepts into an undergrad class—what would that look like in practice at VIT?

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis. Listen.

Mm-hmm.

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis. Listen. I'm looking together and. Can you build a structure? Opening.

You started to say “importance of…” but didn’t finish your thought. Can you walk me through how you’d actually bring quantum computation concepts into an undergrad class—what would that look like in practice at VIT?

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis. Listen. I'm looking together and. Can you build a structure? Opening. Software material. And if. Schedule application of those material. We can.

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis. Listen. I'm looking together and. Can you build a structure? Opening. Software material. And if. Schedule application of those material. We can. Idea cannot. Complete them at the stage. So. We should understand that fast.

You started to say how you'd structure the integration of quantum computation into your curriculum, but your thought got a bit cut off—can you walk me through what that would actually look like in practice for undergraduates at VIT?

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis. Listen. I'm looking together and. Can you build a structure? Opening. Software material. And if. Schedule application of those material. We can. Idea cannot. Complete them at the stage. So. We should understand that fast. But the. There are a few of that area, including the importance. Material and Co. Device and. These two. Are the initial ingredients. To have a. An advanced technological. Devices which are. Really important. That to explore quantum. Upcoming quantum technologies. So give. We can introduce in front of them. Uh, so and. For this purpose, we can design A. And. Regularly we can teach them. So so that they can have a. I have an idea. Regarding this.

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis. Listen. I'm looking together and. Can you build a structure? Opening. Software material. And if. Schedule application of those material. We can. Idea cannot. Complete them at the stage. So. We should understand that fast. But the. There are a few of that area, including the importance. Material and Co. Device and. These two. Are the initial ingredients. To have a. An advanced technological. Devices which are. Really important. That to explore quantum. Upcoming quantum technologies. So give. We can introduce in front of them. Uh, so and. For this purpose, we can design A. And. Regularly we can teach them. So so that they can have a. I have an idea. Regarding this. Quantum computation Why materials are. Really important why single crystal materials is. Really playing an impact. Role for this upcoming quantum technologies.

You were starting to outline the importance of understanding both software and materials in quantum computation, but your answer trailed off. Could you walk me through a concrete example—say, a classroom activity or project—that you’d use to get undergraduates actually working with quantum computation concepts in a hands-on way?

Yeah, so. Importance of. The on regular basis. Listen. I'm looking together and. Can you build a structure? Opening. Software material. And if. Schedule application of those material. We can. Idea cannot. Complete them at the stage. So. We should understand that fast. But the. There are a few of that area, including the importance. Material and Co. Device and. These two. Are the initial ingredients. To have a. An advanced technological. Devices which are. Really important. That to explore quantum. Upcoming quantum technologies. So give. We can introduce in front of them. Uh, so and. For this purpose, we can design A. And. Regularly we can teach them. So so that they can have a. I have an idea. Regarding this. Quantum computation Why materials are. Really important why single crystal materials is. Really playing an impact. Role for this upcoming quantum technologies. So these are the basic overview I would like to. Mentioned in this introductory. Interview sets method.

You’ve talked about the research and teaching sides, but let’s look at institutional responsibilities. If you joined our department and found that outcome assessment data was inconsistent across courses—something that could impact our accreditation standing—how would you approach fixing that?

So you’d focus on helping students see why materials—especially single crystals—are foundational for quantum technology, and you’d make that part of a regular course structure. Let’s pivot for a moment: accreditation cycles can be demanding. If you joined our department and found that outcome assessment data was inconsistent across courses, how would you approach fixing that?

Right,

Yes. Can you ask? Next question.

Understood. Let’s talk about your approach to department-level responsibilities. If you joined and discovered that outcome assessment data was inconsistent across courses, how would you go about fixing that?

So I would. To talk first face to face, I would like to discuss what is the problem behind this. And uh. So and. With friendly attitude, definitely I will ask them. So so let them. Expose the. Problem SO. So so once I know the problem then I will. Uh, find a way how to resolve that?

Okay, let's shift to something that comes up in any academic environment. Imagine a student comes to you alleging your grading is biased, but at the same time, your department head is pressuring you to improve pass rates. How would you handle that situation?

So I would. To talk first face to face, I would like to discuss what is the problem behind this. And uh. So and. With friendly attitude, definitely I will ask them. So so let them. Expose the. Problem SO. So so once I know the problem then I will. Uh, find a way how to resolve that? So. Without understanding the problem. I could not. Of the things. So my idea is that. So I will talk first directly face to face discussion. And the. Once I understand the problem then I will try to resolve. In my own way. Yeah, anything else you want?

You said you’d start by having a direct conversation, trying to understand the root of the problem with a friendly attitude before resolving it. Let’s say you do that, but the department head pushes you to adjust grades to boost pass rates, even if you think it’s not justified. How would you handle that situation?

Yeah, this is a very tough situation. So. We cannot. Directly. Enhance the grid. Without. Developing the. Knowledge of the student. So this is a. Be bad habit.

Yeah, this is a very tough situation. So. We cannot. Directly. Enhance the grid. Without. Developing the. Knowledge of the student. So this is a. Be bad habit. But I will definitely. Encourage my students. To read the things properly. And I the direct conversation is the only way. To boost them. To encourage.

Let's switch gears now, Professor. When it comes to theoretical physics, can you give me an example of how you’d help a struggling student grasp a tough concept—say, quantum entanglement—in a way that actually sticks with them?

Yeah, this is a very tough situation. So. We cannot. Directly. Enhance the grid. Without. Developing the. Knowledge of the student. So this is a. Be bad habit. But I will definitely. Encourage my students. To read the things properly. And I the direct conversation is the only way. To boost them. To encourage. The read objective. Uh, means in a attractive way. In a simplest way. I will tell them. So you should. Can do this then only. I can. Means one side. Encourage them, they will automatically. Uh, their result? They will automatically. Enhance the paper. So I don't have to do. So that we. Itself they will. So my job is the. In means I would like to encourage them in a simplest. We, we, the friendly attitude.

Yeah, this is a very tough situation. So. We cannot. Directly. Enhance the grid. Without. Developing the. Knowledge of the student. So this is a. Be bad habit. But I will definitely. Encourage my students. To read the things properly. And I the direct conversation is the only way. To boost them. To encourage. The read objective. Uh, means in a attractive way. In a simplest way. I will tell them. So you should. Can do this then only. I can. Means one side. Encourage them, they will automatically. Uh, their result? They will automatically. Enhance the paper. So I don't have to do. So that we. Itself they will. So my job is the. In means I would like to encourage them in a simplest. We, we, the friendly attitude. So that is the first thing I will do. And at the same time. I will, uh. Have a discussion. With head of the department. Ale Student. So that the the whole. Thing or my planning means how I am? Trying to handle the situation so he should know all the things. So I will. Uh, one to one discussion with student as well as. With head of the department. And accordingly I will decide. That means how to improve their performance. So these things I will according.

Alright, we're wrapping up. Is there anything you'd like to ask about the role or the team?

Alright, Dr., we're wrapping up. Is there anything you'd like to ask about the role or the team?

Yeah, I have means during the interview, I already mentioned that I have a plan, startup plan which is basically focused on the single crystal growth and. Want to extend this? Research Lab. Work into the industry level. So regarding this I. Had a discussion with. Q Companies so. Do I get a platform? Home if I. I've got selected at bit. So this is my important question I want. I would like. Uh, know about this? And even I have. Prepared. Umm. Documents. Means including means what kind of product I can grow. I have already had a discussion with few companies. Well, we both. In crystals. And they are. They have sworn their interest interest and they are ready to. Uh, uh, give some funds. Of for the initiation of this project. And uh. My point is that do I get? The poem means. If translational my translational research plan, can I? Implement here. So this is my question to the team.