Right.

Please start by introducing your professional journey in academia.

Yeah, good morning. Umm, first of all, I'm going to, uh, introduce myself.

So.

Please go ahead.

Yeah. And so I did my, uh, the best setup, uh, chemistry in the American College, Madurai. And then I completed my Master of Science in, uh, chemistry at a National Institute of technology. And then I moved to my PhD degree in the Banksia University, which is located in Taiwan.

So here.

I did my figure today and the specialization is electrochemistry. Especially my PhD thesis is based on.

The development of adult algorithm fuel cell application in that the fuel cell application, we convert the alcohol into hydrogen and various, uh.

The value ordered product that is my PhD work and then after my PhD.

I completed my PhD in 2018 January. So after my PhD I.

Continue my post doctoral research the same university, the Banksia University in Taiwan. So 2018 to present. Still I'm working the post doctoral researcher. So during my post doctoral research work, uh.

Is based on the the water splitting the the water splitting the hydrolyzer to produce the more number of hydrogen in the cathodic and as well as the oxygen in anodic process. So.

This is my uh.

The post under the work. So during my post actor work, I want the various award. So I I had the best postdoctoral award from the Ministry of Science and Technology. So I got the price among this more than almost 3500 USD to given.

From the government.

For my the first day, uh, research work.

So, and also I I focus more than 29 article in various the SH journals and also I published a book chapter, uh, in.

The various essay journal article, so I published 6 book chapter.

And also I have the analytical skill in I'm well experienced in handling the electrochemical workstation, thermal evaporation unit and also the ultrasonic sonochemical reactor and wet chemical and sonochemical reactor. And also I have securely enough knowledge in candling the X-ray diffractions study and also the transplant eliton microscopy.

And FDIS, fetroscopy and XPS fetoscopy and various instrumental and tetani analysis.

Hello, So I am provisioned in fabricating the membrane electrode assembly. That membrane elitol assembly is code technology for fuel cell and water electrolyzer application. So we will know the membrane is more on core technology that one is separate the hydrogen and also the oxygen during the water naturalization application. So I'm very experienced on that, that one.

And also I secured some software knowledge.

For me, research work that especially the density functional theory, that is the theoretical stimulation study. So I in that I'm really experienced in operating the cost step and cost for electronic success calculation and paint structure analysis and geometry optimization. And also I have well experience in materials modeling. So that is advanced, uh, proficiency in. Operating the demo software and also.

Bioa Material Studio for a.

Solid-state material design and property prediction and also I have well experience in operating the Vista software for a crystallographic delta visualization.

Uh, so, and also I have the experience in the origin lab for the spectroscopic data processing for, uh, fitting and publication ready figure. So these are all software skill is very, uh, helpful for my, uh, research work. So based on this.

I published the various the journals from High Impact journal. So these are all the basic introduction about myself.

Yeah, that's it. Uh, So what is the next?

Yeah.

Yeah.

Yeah.

Professor Lakshmanan, let's begin by validating your skills systematically.

So I cannot hear your voice. Can can you say again?

Of course, Professor Lakshmanan. Let’s start by verifying your expertise step by step. Shall we?

Yeah, OK. Yeah, I'm expedite in at present I'm expertise in.

The water hydrolysis application so the the water electrolysis So what is Electro water electrolysis is the these electrolysis technique is.

The ultrasonic process, uh, which is a split the water into hydrogen and oxygen using the electrical energy. So if the electrical energy is based on from renewable energy means that kind of hydrogen is a green GIT agent. So uh, I'm expert in the electrical chemistry, so.

That's why I'm choosing based on this topic. So this water level technique IS0 carbon emission when we powered by renewable energy and also it highly purified gyrogen almost 99.9 percentage of hydrogen we produce from this water lateralysis technology. And also this is the scalable technique from.

Clover to milliwatt electricity we can produce and also this technique is mature technology.

So based on this water electrolysis technologies, we only require the some energy requirement. The theoretical the energy requirement is 1.23 Volt.

So that's why.

This water electrolysis technique is best for producing the hydrogen. Nowadays, the various technique is followed to produce the hydrogen like methane formation and the various protocol catalytic reaction to produce the hydrogens. But among that the water electrolysis technique is best for producing the hydrogen because.

There we only split the water into hydrogen and oxygen. There is no.

And that a anodyne and Catholic says there's that's why the water analysis technique IS0 carbon emission technology.

You need hassallas material is producing producing.

And also.

But the still the water network is technology also having some problem is, uh, the analytic reaction because the anodic reaction is oxygen evolution reaction that is 4 electron transfer process. So that will slow the kinetic of reaction. So we need for, uh, in for in future, uh, we want to affect this technique means.

Uh, it's uh, the slow process. So nowadays we know the, the world, uh, the energy need is more so we want alternative technique. So in my lab, uh, I develop the alternative technique is hybrid water hydrolysis technique.

So the advantage of this hybrid technique is.

So the convention waterfall is we using the more thermodynamic potential, it's around a 1.23 voltage because of we want to cleavage the.

The anodic reaction is 4 electron process so and also these conventional technique the the limitation is a low value anodic like and also the explosive case mixes of oxygen and the nitrogen. So you want to replace the oxygen oxygen reaction by using the hybrid water hydrolysis technique. So the main purpose of this hybrid water electrolysis technique is. Reduce the anodic over potential to increase the.

Higher than a volume sun and also it almost UH-20 percentage of NSE saving because of if we are uh, if we are replacing the OER by using the various uh.

Technique like, uh, we are using the small Molly, small organic molecule like, uh, urea, ammonia or any other, uh, the hydrogen. So these are the material will reduce the over potential to.

Close to the thermometer like it's close to the 0. So which means the analytic reaction we reduce the over potential means.

The cathodic reaction more number of hydrogen is produced, so more number of hydrogen produce we will saving the energy with compared with the conventional we save the energy almost 20 percentage. So that's why maybe in future.

As compared with the conventional traditional water natural disease, the hybrid water natural disease is best. So these are the work I'm doing currently.

So so this is my research work and also I'm expert on this this topic.

That's it.

Yes.

Let me now verify your ability to teach fundamental principles and laboratory courses. How would you explain the concept of electrode potential to an undergraduate student unfamiliar with the topic?

So, uh, I can explain with a.

The the.

Take your time, Professor.

Yeah, yeah, yeah. So.

I can explain because I already known uh very well experience on this topic, so I can easily.

First, uh, uh, I can draw the flow chart for the easily understand it because the graduate student, uh, they are very basic level. So first I need to draw the flow chart. And also I want to explain what is, uh, hydrogen so, and also.

How the hydrogen is produced and what the hydra the hydrogen is.

Uh, classify in various types the green guidance and blue Vitagen and Gray guitars. And so I need to explain what is screen Glitizen. So green guy doesn't means, uh, it developed from the renewable energy. So renewable energy is.

Standard 1. So I need to explain the renewable energy. What is renewable energy? These are the things.

So and also.

The So as compared with the green gate engine, blue gate engine and grey gate engine, the green gait region is first, because this screen kind region we it, it will not emit any CO2 the the environmental pollutant product, but in blue varies and Greek hydrogen it will also emit the.

Various casualties materials. So we want to differentiate this and also explain very basic fundamental to the undergraduate student and also and then we want to teach the basic.

By driving the flow chart and then go to the laboratory.

Goes to explain the step by step how to.

Produce the hydrogen from the the basic technology.

I want to demonstrate that one.

That one I know this.

Acknowledged, Professor. Moving on, how do you approach evaluating students during laboratory experiments to ensure fairness and accuracy?

Yeah, the accuracy we want to calculate.

The accuracy by using some formulas, but before that we want to develop the catalyst.

So I want to tell the store, uh, how to develop the catalyst because the catalyst is important for, uh, the water's building application. So nowadays, uh, the analytics style and Catholic state, uh, we are using the various, uh, headlist first, uh, I want to tell them how to prepare the catalyst and also.

The analytics side is, uh, so we want to develop the catalyst based on the five functional catalyst that is umm, the same catalyst we are going to apply for the analectic and cathodic and produce the chitogen and also the chitogen in Catholic state and, and another product, the value order product in analytics sites. So we want to. Tell them the the how to prepare and also.

The catalyst is in.

What kind of a catalyst is bifunctional catalyst? Uh, these are all I need to explain them. And then I calculate the ABC and C and accuracy, uh, based on the, uh, uh, based on the spectroscopic technique, for example.

The Catholic cell hydrogen will produce this kind of hydrogen I need to.

Calculated from the CC analysis case chromatic traffic analysis because the water electric technique.

The cell and cathodic cell we only produce the gas. So those case we need to collect by using.

The French. So if we have the online CC means we directly connected the the KCS tube into the CC, otherwise we need to collect that case from scratch and then insect inserted into the CC the gas chromatographic technique and then we calculate the accuracy of and also the efficiency of hydrogen.

By using that technique.

Understood, Professor. Thank you for that detailed explanation of your approach to both teaching and evaluating students in a laboratory setting. Let us now discuss your work in guiding student projects and supervising their research. Can you share how you mentor students to develop their independent research skills effectively?

Yeah, because I almost eight years experience in post doctor, uh, experience here.

I already teach uh the master students and also the PhD students to help them how to develop the catalyst and also.

This is work so here I already 8 years experience for teaching the masters students and also the PhD students so here.

I also develop the various.

Careless. So here also I'm the independent researchers, I'm not a header from my professor, my professor, only the funding. So I'm the only here to develop the catalyst as well as the affecting the water classes technique so.

Uh, so question that knowledge, I can, uh, easily handle the students, uh, and also I, I will experience in writing the research proposal here, umm, in Taiwan, I already, uh, got 3 project from the government.

Uh, during my, these eight years, uh, uh.

So I know how to write the proposal and also how to get the funding from the government to establish the.

And also, uh.

I'm I'm well experienced to writing the research article, so based on the I, I, I focus through the various, uh, the hind back channels, so.

I hope I will.

Uh, I will help the UH students.

How to independently working and also I will help the students to.

Uh, write the research article.

Thank you, Professor, for detailing your mentoring approach and your experience in enabling independent research skills. Let's shift to assessing your experience in publishing research. Could you highlight one of your key publications and explain its contributions to the field of electrochemistry?

Yeah.

Recently I published 1 pepper. That paper is published in the high impact channel. The journal is chemical engineering Journal. The the general impact bacteria is almost 13.3 impact factor in that general I published the paper is the interface engineering.

At least.

The interface engineering, the electric catalyst, that is ion oxycarb, right?

So those catalysts I prefer by using.

The symbol, the the cooperation technology to prepare that catalyst. So that catalyst I'm going to apply for the.

Uh, what the hybrid quadrilateral is technologies that is, uh, here I'm using the hybrid material is.

The Catholic Service hydrogen production and analytics series. Uh, hydrazine oxidation reaction.

This in oxidation reaction. The end product is nitrogen. There is no any hazardous material.

Evaluated in environmental. So the analytic reaction is environmental friendly and also the cathodic reaction is hydrogen.

So why I'm choosing hydration means there uh, the hydration, the thermodynamic, uh, the potential is more negative it -0.3.

Which means that it lower potential, so it will also release the.

Overall, the overall water lateralysis technology and also reduce the height, reduce the energy.

Energy requirement so that's why I'm choosing hydration as a analytic reaction and and also the hydrogen gave 4 hydrogen so that that one also.

For uh, producing more number of hydrogen's.

What are yourself having hydrogen and also hydrogen also having hydrogen? So we got more number of hydrogen, uh, evolution from cathodic reaction. So this reaction by using the iron oxycarbide as a bifunctional catalyst, because here I develop the catalyst, uh, using the, the unique marbology.

That morbology is skeletal like morbology that is 3 dimensional success so.

For the electrical catalytic application, the morbology, the structural morbology and also the size of the nanoparticle and also.

The property of the particle is very important. Here I'm using the iron oxycarbon is nothing that is iron axle and also iron carbide. These two forming the Caturo interface. So here the iron oxy carbide, the oxide is.

More number of the water molecules are absorption site and the carbide is.

More number of the conductive in the garbage conductivity is higher. The oxide is catalytic oxygen, so the oxide, the water molecule is absorbed and then cleavage into the hydrogen and oxygen. So the H plus will move into the carbide.

The site catalytic site will helpful to spill over the gyrogen into their site and then and then these two transfer the electron from between the iron oxy iron oxide to iron carbide that will end against the more number of hydrogen production that is the concept for.

Because the more number of water is absorbing then also the catalyst spicing. So we create the interface. Engineering means the nearby.

Uh, creating the interface engineering, so present on this interface engineering, we develop, uh, more number of, uh, supply functional catalyst to.

Create the.

The hybrid water is building up application in more advanced technique. So these are the paper I published recently the this 2026 January. That's it.

Thank you, Professor Lakshmanan, for providing such a detailed breakdown of your recent research publication and its significant impact on the field of electrochemistry. Let's discuss your approach to adapting complex concepts into structured learning for students. How do you tailor your lectures or sessions for individuals with varying levels of understanding in your class?

Yeah, it's good question, so I can.

Teach the students from.

The very and the because I know the students coming from various areas, so some students getting, uh, quick knowledge to approach some someone getting.

Uh, late to understand so.

I want to.

Slowly because everyone need to understand that one so.

Uh, teach them.

So slow. So I want to.

Tell the technique and any other things.

But I prefer to teach them in fourth presentation because sometimes the PowerPoint presentation is not easily understanding. So we need to step by step and slow by slow teaching them to easily understand.

And also after.

Each topic.

I need to ask them the questions to confirm whether they will easily they they will understand or or not. And also I need to give them to solve some problem based on that problem. If they solving easily means they will understand that theory. So based on that I need to.

MMM.

Special nandam I need to.

Confirm whether they will understand or not.

So that's it.

Thank you, Professor Lakshmanan. Your approach to balancing pace and ensuring comprehension among diverse students is noted. Could you elaborate on how you engage in interdisciplinary or practical applications of electrochemistry concepts to enrich your students’ understanding?

An interdisciplinary.

So can you.

Could you elaborate on how you integrate concepts from different disciplines or involve practical applications to provide students with a more enriched understanding of electrochemistry?

Yeah, uh, the electronic state, the judge is more easy and because, uh, if we have the.

Strong knowledge in UH.

The the basic the strong knowledge in mathematics and also the the the I can easily.

The strong knowledge in the.

The Max and also the little bit knowledge in chemistry means I can easily.

Teach them to understand because I'm.

That that the electoral game street Derby gets very, very easy, Dave.

So.

I hope the students will easily understand based on my teaching.

Because.

So the the the.

Understood, Professor. Your emphasis on foundational knowledge and clarity is appreciated. Let's now assess your experience in industry projects or consultancy. Could you share an example of an industry-related project you've contributed to and its significance?

Yeah, Industrial product project. So here in Taiwan, we already cooperate and cooperate with some industry and academic project.

Like.

This technique we already collapse with some industrial for electrical vehicle application.

The hydrogen evolution reactions by using.

So.

Here is my role is developing the food catalyst for producing the the more number of hydrogen and also we need to.

I evaluate the theoretical hydrogen. We need already set the theoretical value, so we want to overcome that theoretical value. So based on that maximum, my role is developing the.

The catalyst, catalyst preparation and also the pilot study to whether this that catalyst is workable or not.